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Transmission // the surveillance grid // 2026

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Private companies now sell cities networks that record where every car goes, who searched for it, and when. Most people never got a vote.

Everything on this page is real and sourced. Red tags link to the reporting. The only made-up parts are the simulated plate scan and the terminal flavour text, and both are labelled.

alpr // rec ● pole cam // solar0 plates

The grid, by the numbers

src: public reporting // as of oct 2026
120,000+Flock licence plate cameras in the US, in 6,000+ communities, per the company1
300,000Flock devices on an independent map built from Flock's own records, Dec 2025 snapshot2
20Bvehicle scans per month in the US, per Flock3
83,000cameras one Texas officer searched in a single query for a woman who had an abortion5
50+officers charged with or accused of misusing plate reader systems, many to track partners9
339US communities that cancelled, rejected, paused or removed Flock cameras, per a citizen tracker7

How the grid works

seven layers // all documented
Layer 01The platform

One dashboard for everything

Flock OS and Axon Fusus pull plate readers, live camera feeds and body cams into a single police dashboard.8 Flock was valued at $7.5 billion in 2025.3

Layer 02The fingerprint

Your car, described

Cameras log the plate, make, colour and features of every passing car.3 Flock's Nova platform reportedly draws on 20 data sources to connect vehicles to people.6

Layer 03The holes

Cameras open to anyone

Researchers and 404 Media found at least 60 Flock pan-tilt-zoom cameras exposed on the open internet. Flock blamed a misconfiguration.83

Layer 04The alerts

Hotlists that miss

In Roseville, California, 71% of 1,427 stolen or felony vehicle alerts in 2023–24 were wrong. In Florida, a woman was held 13 days after a misread plate.3

Layer 05The users

Officers tracking exes

A Washington Post investigation found 50+ officers charged or accused of misuse. One Georgia chief allegedly searched for his ex and her teenage daughter about 600 times.91

Layer 06The side door

Federal lookups by proxy

Flock has no ICE contract, but local police ran 4,000+ nationwide lookups tied to federal or immigration requests.4 In Mountain View, 250+ outside agencies ran an estimated 600,000 searches.6

Layer 07The sky

Drones on every call

Flock says it has 200+ drone customers. Drones launch from rooftop docks to reach 911 calls, often arriving before officers.11

What a plate reader logs

simulation // fake plates, real format

Plate readers don't need your face. Your car goes everywhere you go. Each pass is stored with time, place and a description of the vehicle, and anyone with access can search it.

Flock says its readers "do not use facial recognition or identify who is inside a vehicle," and that it's cutting default retention from 30 days to 7.1 Who else can search the data depends on sharing settings, which some cities found switched on without their knowledge.6

---
Vehicle-
Features-
Seen-
Passes / 30d-
Hotlist-
Searchable by-
Simulated record. No real plates or people.

Case files

leaked to the public by the public
Texas, USMay 2025

The abortion search

A Texas officer searched 6,809 Flock networks, more than 83,000 cameras, with the logged reason "had an abortion, search for female."5

Flock and the Johnson County Sheriff said she was a missing person and it was about her safety. EFF says the documents contradict that.5

Nationwide, USMay 2025

ICE through the side door

Flock data from Danville, Illinois was queried more than 4,000 times between June 2024 and May 2025 by agencies across dozens of states, many acting on informal requests from federal agents, with reasons logged like "ICE" and "ICE WARRANT."4

Danville denied its own officers ran immigration searches. Flock says it has no direct contract with ICE.6

Dayton, OhioMay 2026

7,000 searches the policy banned

Dayton found its Flock data had been hit by more than 7,000 immigration-related searches from outside agencies, against city policy. It suspended the program, covered all 72 cameras, and called in an outside firm to audit.30

Oxnard, California2026

The setting that switched itself back on

A vendor issue silently re-enabled nationwide search access despite a "California only" setting. The city suspended the program.6

San FranciscoFeb 2026

1.6 million outside queries

A class action alleges federal and out-of-state agencies queried city cameras more than 1.6 million times in seven months.6

These are allegations in a lawsuit, not findings.

US, Super Bowl LXFeb 2026

Ring pulls out

Amazon's Ring ended its planned Flock integration after backlash over a Super Bowl ad.10

Australia2024-26

Bunnings scanned every face

The privacy regulator found Bunnings ran facial recognition on every customer entering 63 stores from 2018 to 2021 - likely hundreds of thousands of people.18

On appeal in Feb 2026 the tribunal overturned the unlawful-collection finding, but upheld that Bunnings failed to tell shoppers it was happening.19

AustraliaSep 2025

Kmart, for refund fraud

The regulator found Kmart's facial recognition - used in 28 stores from 2020 to 2022 to catch refund fraud, capturing everyone who walked in - was unlawful: indiscriminate and out of proportion to the problem.22

Australia2021

Police tried Clearview quietly

The regulator found Clearview AI - more than 3 billion images scraped from the web - breached the Privacy Act, and that the AFP used its free trial on real people without the privacy assessment the law required.2324

United KingdomAug 2020

The courtroom win that wasn't

The Court of Appeal ruled South Wales Police's live facial recognition unlawful - too much discretion over watchlists, a deficient impact assessment, no proper bias check.25

It did not ban the technology. The force fixed the paperwork and resumed deployments.25

London2024-26

Flagged on the way home

Shaun Thompson, an anti-knife-crime volunteer, was wrongly matched by a Met camera near London Bridge, held for almost 30 minutes and pressed for his fingerprints. He called it "stop and search on steroids."26

In April 2026 the High Court dismissed his challenge - it found the Met's policy lawful, not that the match was right.27

United Kingdom2025

A 39p paracetamol ban

A 62-year-old woman was wrongly flagged as a shoplifter by facial recognition at a Home Bargains in Romford over a 39p pack of paracetamol. Staff searched her bag and told her she was banned. She says she took nothing.28

Britain has no law written specifically for facial recognition. When the ICO assessed the main retail vendor, Facewatch, in 2023, it let the system continue but said it must be used proportionately.29

It's not just America

global sweep
AU

Australia

  • Telcos must keep your metadata (who, when, where, how long) for two years. Content isn't included.15
  • Agencies accessed retained metadata more than 296,000 times in 2017–18.16
  • The 2021 Identify and Disrupt Act lets the AFP and ACIC take over online accounts and alter or delete data under warrant.17
  • Auror, a retail-crime platform reportedly used by around 40% of Australian retailers including Woolworths and Bunnings, shares CCTV and number-plate data with police.31 The AFP suspended its use in 2023 after finding 100+ staff had accounts with no privacy assessment.31
UK

United Kingdom

  • Police live facial recognition scanned nearly 4.7 million faces in 2024, more than double 2023.12
  • Van deployments went from 63 to at least 256 in a year.12
  • A January 2026 Home Office white paper funds 40 more facial recognition vans.13
CN

China

  • Skynet, started in 2005, links facial recognition cameras to ID databases.14
  • IHS Markit estimated about 415.8 million of the world's 770 million cameras were in China at the end of 2019.14
  • Sharp Eyes aimed to cover 100% of public space by 2020.14
US

The pushback

  • Evanston and Oak Park in Illinois, Asheville in North Carolina and the LAPD have dropped or switched off Flock.67
  • Knox County, Tennessee, banned fixed plate readers in Aug 2026.7
  • Flock says about 7 new cities sign up for every 1 that leaves.1

Their side of the story

read this too

If you're going to argue this, know the other side. These are the strongest points from supporters of plate readers and facial recognition, and you'll hear them at any council meeting.

  • It solves crimes. Police credit ALPRs with recovering stolen cars, locating suspects and finding missing people.1
  • It's cars, not faces. Flock says its readers don't use facial recognition or continuously track anyone.1
  • Guardrails are coming. Retention is dropping to 7 days and audit tooling becomes mandatory by the end of 2026.13
  • Safety in stores. Bunnings argued its system protected staff and customers from violent and organised crime, and the tribunal partly agreed.1819

What you can do

legal, boring, effective
  1. Map the grid

    Look up cameras near you on the crowdsourced DeFlock map or EFF's Atlas of Surveillance, and add any that are missing.

  2. Pull the logs

    File a public records request (FOI in Australia and the UK) for your council's or police force's camera contracts, sharing settings and search audit logs. That's how the Texas and ICE stories came out.45

  3. Show up at renewal

    Most cancellations happened at ordinary council votes when a contract came up for renewal.7 Ask who can search the data, how long it's kept, and when the last audit was.

  4. Back the people doing the work

    EFF and the ACLU in the US, Digital Rights Watch in Australia, and Liberty in the UK.

Don't touch the camerasDamaging or hacking surveillance gear is a crime. It also hands the vendor the story they want. The Danville records, the Dayton audit and the Texas affidavit did more damage than any brick, and all of them were legal.

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Sources

verify everything. trust nothing. including us.
  1. [1]Quartz: Flock cameras are everywhere. Now cities are pushing back (Aug 2026)
  2. [2]The Intercept: Flock wants the most detailed map of its cameras taken offline (Sep 2026)
  3. [3]Wikipedia: Flock Safety (accessed Oct 2026)
  4. [4]404 Media: ICE taps into nationwide AI-enabled camera network (May 2025)
  5. [5]EFF: She got an abortion. So a Texas cop used 83,000 cameras to track her down (May 2025)
  6. [6]Tech Times: Flock crosses 100,000 cameras as 53 cities cancel (Jun 2026)
  7. [7]DeFlock the USA: Cancellation tracker (accessed Oct 2026, advocacy source)
  8. [8]EFF Deeplinks: Dave Maass on centralised police platforms and exposed cameras (Jul 2026)
  9. [9]Washington Post (via ADN): How rogue officers turned a camera network into a tool for stalking (Aug 2026)
  10. [10]NBC News: Amazon no longer working with Flock after Ring Super Bowl ad (Feb 2026)
  11. [11]Cybernews: Flock's first responder drones grow in popularity (Aug 2026)
  12. [12]Liberty Investigates: UK police pursuing major facial recognition expansion (May 2025)
  13. [13]The Register: Cops get more facial recognition vans (Jan 2026)
  14. [14]Wikipedia: Mass surveillance in China (accessed Oct 2026)
  15. [15]Jones Day: Australia introduces telecommunications data retention laws (Nov 2015)
  16. [16]Computerworld AU: Law enforcement accessed metadata more than 296k times in FY18 (Jul 2019, archived copy: the original site is offline)
  17. [17]MinterEllison: How might the new Identify and Disrupt laws impact you? (Sep 2021)
  18. [18]iTnews: Bunnings breached privacy laws with facial recognition tech (Nov 2024)
  19. [19]Clayton Utz: Bunnings "wins" appeal on facial recognition (Feb 2026)
  20. [20]DeFlock: crowdsourced ALPR map
  21. [21]EFF: Atlas of Surveillance
  22. [22]Clayton Utz: OAIC's Kmart facial recognition determination (Nov 2025)
  23. [23]OAIC: Clearview AI breached Australians' privacy (2021)
  24. [24]OAIC: AFP ordered to strengthen privacy governance over Clearview trial (2021)
  25. [25]Statewatch: Court of Appeal rules South Wales Police facial recognition unlawful (Bridges) (Aug 2020)
  26. [26]Big Brother Watch: Shaun Thompson's legal challenge to Met Police LFR
  27. [27]Thompson & Anor v Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis [2026] EWHC 915 (Admin) (Apr 2026)
  28. [28]The Guardian: Woman added to facial recognition watchlist over 39p paracetamol
  29. [29]ICO: Balancing privacy rights with preventing crime (Facewatch assessment) (Mar 2023, archived copy: the ICO has removed the page)
  30. [30]Dayton Daily News: City covers all Flock cameras amid program suspension (2026)
  31. [31]SmartCompany: AFP pauses controversial surveillance tech Auror (Jul 2023)